Hillary Clinton speaking at an Equal Pay Day
event in 2002.
Photo Courtesy of the National Organizational for Women.
Laws Regarding Working Women
The Equal Pay Act (1963) prohibits discrimination in pay for men and women doing the same work. This was 20 years after the act was first proposed to Congress. However, this Act did not cover agricultural workers, domestic workers, executives, administrators, or professionals. The Act was revised in 1972 to include executives, administrators, and professionals. In 1964, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act was passed. It prohibited private employers, employment agencies, and unions from discriminating on the basis of race, sex, country of origin, and other grounds. That year, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was established to investigate complaints of discrimination and enforce penalties. The Equal Employment Act (1972) gave the EEOC power to take legal action to enforce its rulings. Despite these laws, women are still fighting discrimination. Sexual stereotyping still makes it difficult for women to be hired for and advance in some jobs, especially high-paying jobs. At the same time, blatant and subtle discrimination happens at many work places. 40 years after the passing of the Equal Pay Act, women still earn only 76 cents for every dollar earned by men. Click CHARTS to see 20 Leading Occupations of Employed Women and the ratio of women’s earnings to men’s earnings in them.
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